{"id":18660,"date":"2026-03-24T20:34:47","date_gmt":"2026-03-24T17:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/?p=18660"},"modified":"2026-03-24T20:34:47","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T17:34:47","slug":"%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/?p=18660","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 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\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0647 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0662<\/strong><strong>.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0623.\u062f. \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0628\u064a\u0631 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\/ \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0663<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong> <strong>\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/strong><strong> \/ <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><strong> \/ <\/strong><strong>\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0664<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644<\/strong> <strong>\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0665<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u0623.\u00a0 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\/ \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \/ \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0666<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0623. \u062f. \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\/ \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \/ \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0667<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u0623.\u062f. \u0634\u0630\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \/ \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0660<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong> <strong>\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0661<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0628<\/strong> <strong>\u0641\u062c\u0647 <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0662<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0623<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0663<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0645.\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0647\u062f\u0649<\/strong> <strong>\u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631<\/strong> <strong>\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><strong>\u064a\u0646 \/ \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0664<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0647\u0628\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0639\u0628\u062f<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a <\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0661\u0665<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u2060<\/strong><strong>\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u062f<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633<\/strong> <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629<\/strong> <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/strong> <strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><strong>\/ <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18663 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-852x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"852\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-852x1024.jpeg 852w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-250x300.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-768x923.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-1278x1536.jpeg 1278w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1-600x721.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-1.jpeg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 852px) 100vw, 852px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18664 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-790x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"790\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-790x1024.jpeg 790w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-231x300.jpeg 231w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-768x996.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-1185x1536.jpeg 1185w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2-600x778.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-2.jpeg 1234w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18665 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-762x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"762\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-762x1024.jpeg 762w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-223x300.jpeg 223w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-768x1033.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-1142x1536.jpeg 1142w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3-600x807.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.18-AM-3.jpeg 1190w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 762px) 100vw, 762px\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-18666 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-728x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"728\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-728x1024.jpeg 728w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-213x300.jpeg 213w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-768x1080.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-1092x1536.jpeg 1092w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM-600x844.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2026\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-03-24-at-9.26.19-AM.jpeg 1138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore cz_readmore_no_icon\" href=\"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/?p=18660\"><span>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":18662,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18660","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-54"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/41"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18660"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18660\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18667,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18660\/revisions\/18667"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18662"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/law.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}